Résumé

Impedance measurement methods and field measurements are being demanded by utilities and regulatory and standardization bodies, in order to characterize the electrical grid as a data transmission medium. The variation with time and frequency of both the grid access impedance and the load impedance of connected devices has a great influence on the performance of the Power Line Communications (PLC) for Smart Grid applications. This paper presents two different methods to characterize the grid and load impedances for the frequency range used for NB-PLC. One method is based on current injection and Synchronous Demodulation, while the second method is based on the injection of configurable NB-PLC signals and Fourier analysis. Results are compared and evaluated with respect to theoretical calculations, when they are applied to a typical impedance scenario. Moreover, the impact of the variations of the access impedance on the NB-PLC signals is also evaluated, by characterizing both the frequency response of the filter impedance and the effect on the signals spectra.

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