Résumé
We present simultaneous current and wideband
electric field waveforms at 380 km associated with upward flashes
initiated from the Säntis Tower. To the best of the authors’
knowledge, the presented dataset in this study includes the first
simultaneous records of lightning currents and associated fields
featuring ionospheric reflections, and the longest distance at which
lightning fields have been measured simultaneously with the
current. Electric field data are used to evaluate ionospheric
reflection characteristics during day and night times using the so-
called zero-zero and peak-peak methods. During daytime, the estimates for the ionospheric reflection height is about 80 km, corresponding to the D layer. The estimated height at night time is about 90 km, corresponding to the E layer. Finally, we present a full-wave, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis of the field propagation including the effect of the ionospheric reflection and compare the results with experimental data.